Arsitektur Adaptive Sleep Scheduling Berbasis Harvesting Energy pada Sistem Sensor Debit Air IoT untuk Kawasan Tanpa Sumber Listrik Tetap
Arsitektur Adaptive Sleep Scheduling Berbasis Harvesting Energy pada Sistem Sensor Debit Air IoT untuk Kawasan Tanpa Sumber Listrik Tetap
Abstract
Real-time water flow monitoring in rural areas without permanent electricity access (off-grid) is a major challenge in water resource management. Limited energy in battery-based IoT devices is the main obstacle to operational sustainability. This study proposes an Adaptive Sleep Scheduling Architecture Based on Energy Harvesting for an IoT Water Flow Sensor System. The system uses UNO R4 ESP-32 Wifi and ESP-32 S3 W-ROOM microcontrollers, integrating a solar energy harvesting unit with an adaptive sleep scheduling algorithm that dynamically adjusts sensor active/sleep cycles based on battery State of Charge (SoC) and harvested energy availability. The experimental method covers four stages: (1) hardware design and integration, (2) adaptive algorithm development, (3) off-grid field testing, and (4) comparative evaluation against fixed scheduling. Target outcomes include a minimum 30% battery lifetime improvement, maintained Packet Delivery Ratio under low-energy conditions, and autonomous continuous operation without dependence on grid electricity. This research contributes to water infrastructure resilience in remote areas and supports SDG 6 for sustainable clean water management.Keywords: IoT; Adaptive Sleep Scheduling; Energy Harvesting; Water Flow Sensor; Off-Grid Power Source
References
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[2] F. Firdaus and M. Suryanegara, "Energy Harvesting pada Jaringan Sensor Nirkabel: Studi Kasus Panel Surya," Seminar Nasional Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi (SEMNASTIK), pp. 1–6, 2020.
[3] L. Hakim, et al., "Optimasi Konsumsi Daya pada Node Sensor IoT dengan Metode Deep Sleep Scheduling," Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro dan Komputer (JITEK), vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 23–30, 2021.
[4] A. R. Pratama and S. Rizal, "Sistem Pemantauan Ketinggian Air Berbasis LoRaWAN dengan Sumber Energi Hybrid," Prosiding SNIKTI, vol. 5, pp. 123–130, 2021.
[5] D. Saputra, et al., "Desain dan Implementasi Energy Harvesting Surya untuk Sensor Nirkabel di Daerah Terpencil," Jurnal Rekayasa Elektrika, vol. 17, no. 3, pp. 156–162, 2021.
[6] I. G. P. S. Wijaya, et al., "Adaptive Duty Cycling untuk Penghematan Energi pada Jaringan Sensor Nirkabel Berbasis Energi Terbarukan," Jurnal TIKomSiN, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 45–54, 2022.
[7] A. Nugroho, et al., "Sistem Pemantauan Debit Air Secara Real-time Menggunakan LoRa dan Solar Panel," Seminar Nasional Teknologi Industri Berkelanjutan (SENTIN), pp. 1–8, 2022.
[8] B. Rahmadya, et al., "Energy-Aware Scheduling Algorithm for Solar-Powered Wireless Sensor Networks in Agricultural Monitoring," IJACSA, vol. 13, no. 5, pp. 789–795, 2022.
[9] A. Setiawan and E. Budiman, "Implementasi Algoritma Adaptive Sleep pada Node Sensor IoT untuk Pemantauan Lingkungan," Jurnal Informatika dan Teknologi (JIT), vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 12–18, 2023.
[10] Y. Sari, et al., "Kajian Pemanfaatan Energy Harvesting untuk Sistem Komunikasi IoT di Daerah Tanpa Listrik," Seminar Nasional Sains dan Teknologi (SEMNASTEK), pp. 1–10, 2023.
[11] A. Yulianto and R. Hidayat, "Prototipe Sistem Pemantauan Kualitas Air Berbasis IoT dengan Sumber Energi Panel Surya," Jurnal JTMI, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 67–74, 2023.
[12] S. Aulia and H. Pranoto, "Rancang Bangun Adaptive Sleep Scheduling Berbasis Tingkat Energi pada Sensor Node Bertenaga Surya," Jurnal JETRI, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 1–9, 2024.
[13] F. Maulana, et al., "Integrasi Energy Harvesting Surya dan Algoritma Duty Cycling Adaptif untuk Sistem Sensor Debit Air LoRa," Prosiding KNIT, pp. 1–6, 2024.
[14] J. Siregar, et al., "Analisis Performa Protokol LoRaWAN pada Sistem Pemantauan Air di Daerah Terpencil," Jurnal JITIK, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 23–31, 2024.
[15] H. Purnomo and R. A. Asmara, "Validasi Lapangan Arsitektur Hemat Energi Berbasis Energy Harvesting untuk Sensor Debit Air IoT di Kawasan Pedesaan," Jurnal JRSTI, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 45–56, 2025.
[16] A. Rahman and I. Setiawan, "Rancang Bangun Sistem Pemantauan Debit Air Berbasis IoT dengan Energi Hibrid Surya dan Angin," Jurnal Teknologi dan Sistem Informasi, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 45–54, 2020.
[17] D. Saputra and R. Hidayat, "Optimasi Konsumsi Daya pada Node Sensor IoT Menggunakan Algoritma Adaptive Sleep Scheduling," Prosiding SNTEI, pp. 112–119, 2021.
[18] K. Wijaya, et al., "Studi Eksperimen Panel Surya dalam Kondisi Cahaya Rendah untuk Sensor IoT," Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 33–42, 2021.
[19] S. Nugroho and B. Prasetyo, "Implementasi LoRaWAN dan Energy Harvesting pada Sistem Monitoring Kualitas Air Off-Grid," Jurnal Ilmiah Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 67–78, 2022.
[20] M. Firmansyah, et al., "Adaptive Duty Cycling Algorithm untuk Node Sensor Bertenaga Surya pada Jaringan IoT," Jurnal Rekayasa Elektrika, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 89–98, 2022.
[21] P. Sari and A. Utomo, "Arsitektur Hemat Energi Berbasis Hybrid Energy Harvesting untuk Sistem Sensor Debit Air IoT," Prosiding KNATIK, pp. 205–213, 2023.
[22] D. Kurniawan and Y. Febrianto, "Pengembangan Prototipe Sistem Pemantauan Debit Air dengan Adaptive Sleep Scheduling Menggunakan ESP32," Jurnal Teknologi dan Inovasi Digital, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 55–64, 2023.
[23] L. Hakim, et al., "Integrasi Energy Harvesting Surya dengan Algoritma Predictive Sleep Scheduling untuk Node IoT," Jurnal Sistem Cerdas dan Informatika, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 101–112, 2023.
[24] R. Pratama and I. Suryana, "Rancang Bangun Sistem Adaptive Sleep Scheduling Berbasis Tingkat Energi untuk Sensor IoT," Jurnal Teknologi dan Komunikasi, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 23–34, 2024.
[25] E. Yulianto and T. Ardiansyah, "Evaluasi Kinerja Adaptive Sleep Scheduling pada Sistem Sensor Debit Air dengan Sumber Energi Hybrid," Prosiding SNAST, pp. 88–97, 2024
Published
2026-06-12
How to Cite
RULI, Ahmad Rais; HARSAPRANATA, Agni Isador.
Arsitektur Adaptive Sleep Scheduling Berbasis Harvesting Energy pada Sistem Sensor Debit Air IoT untuk Kawasan Tanpa Sumber Listrik Tetap.
INFORMATICS FOR EDUCATORS AND PROFESSIONAL : Journal of Informatics, [S.l.], v. 11, n. 1, p. 82 - 93, june 2026.
ISSN 2548-3412.
Available at: <https://ejournal-binainsani.ac.id/index.php/ITBI/article/view/3895>. Date accessed: 05 july 2026.
doi: https://doi.org/10.51211/itbi.v11i1.3895.
